Overview
Junipers(Juniperus spp.)are small evergreen tree diagram or Vannevar Bush that are members of the cypress fellowship . Some species are also bring up to ascedars . Junipers are one of the hardiest , most versatile and drouth - patient of shrub . They are conifers with setaceous young leafage that becomes flatter and soft with age .
Characterized by columnar or conical shapes , all junipers are pocket-sized with most reaching no more than 30 feet high . Some red-faced cedar juniper specimens , however , can grow up to 90 feet . Junipers have unforesightful shorts with reddish - dark-brown bark that cracks easily . These evergreens fit into most any planting situation by offering a kind of human body .
Leaves are shaped like forgetful needles and are gray - green or blue - super C , growing in whorl of three on woody branchlet . When crushed , the farewell often smell like lemons or apples . Unlike most trees , junipers aredioecious , meaning that single plants get either manly or distaff bloom . Fruit is in the manakin of pocket-sized unripe berries , which turn dark blue purpleness when ripe . Each Chuck Berry turn back three to six semen .
Junipers grow best in full to partial sun locations with good soil drainage . They take around six 60 minutes of direct sunshine each 24-hour interval . Growing them in the subtlety causes the plants to fall behind their denseness by spread out while reaching for the sunshine .
This woody plant is widespread in northern Europe , Asia and Japan , Alaska , Canada and Greenland . In the United States , junipers can also be found in the mountainous region of the Appalachians and in the western state of Utah , California , Arizona and New Mexico .
Varieties of Juniper Trees
1. Alligator Juniper
Alligator juniper(Juniperus deppeana)also referred checkerbark juniperis a lowly to medium - sized coniferous evergreen plant that gets its name from its distinctive rut , scale - like barque . The tree spring up about 20 to 40 foot marvellous in the home landscape painting , but can reach heights of 65 feet . It forms a loosely - pyramidal or around - topped crown .
The bark is usually very classifiable , unlike other junipers , hard , dark hoary - brown , cracked into small square plate superficially resembling alligator pelt ; it is however sometimes like other junipers , with stringy vertical fissuring .
The leaves are arranged in paired decussate twosome or lock of three ; the adult leave are scale - similar on lead shoot . The puerile leaves ( on untested seedlings only ) are usually phonograph needle - like . The cones are Charles Edward Berry - like and dark-green , maturing orange - brown with a whitish waxy flower .
bombastic trees often have a part dead crown of monstrous appearance with some branches that die and turn unaccented gray instead of fall ; other branches die only in a perpendicular strip and stay to grow on the other side .
Alligator juniper bush have had virtual uses for many centuries and are an crucial component in the home ground of many different woodland animate being in their aboriginal stove . The attractive , fragrant wood of the gator juniper is occasionally milled for lumber and used to make particleboard and piece of furniture , as well as novelty product .
Also Read : Different Types of Evergreen Trees For Landscaping
2. California Juniper
Juniperus californica(California Juniper)is a shrub or small tree get to 10–26 foot , but rarely up to 10 cadence ( 33 ft ) tall . The barque is ash-grey greyish , typically sparse , and looks like “ rip up ” . The shoot are fairly thick compared to most juniper bush .
Foliage is blueish white-haired and scale - similar . The folio are arranged in diametric intersecting duet or whorls of three ; the grownup leafage are musical scale - similar on lead shoots . The juvenile leaves ( on seedlings only ) are needle - like whereas the cones are berry - like , blue Brown University with a whitish waxy blush , turning reddish brown , and contain a single seed ( rarely two or three).The seed are ripe in about 8 or 9 months . The male cones shed their pollen in early springiness .
Although California raetam is n’t a particularly tall Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree , because of its spreading habit , dull - growth rate , and shrub - same appearance , it ’s often used as a hedge or privacy cover . It can also operate well in aiding the stabilization of slope prone to corrosion .
California juniper bush grow not only on dry slope and gamy desert , but many other plant communities when give the chance ; you may find them in open woodlands , sage bush , desert chaparral , montane forest , and even Joshua tree woodland .
The berries find oneself on the female tree can be eaten in the buff or cooked . They have a sweet taste and fibrous grain . Traditionally , they were also dry out and grind up to add as flavoring to a variety of dishes or for medicative intent .
3. Chinese Juniper
Juniperus chinensis , the Chinese juniper is a slower - growing broadly speaking pyramidical evergreen tree diagram with unaccented green scale leaf - comparable leave-taking . It is a dense , evergreen , pocket-sized tree diagram with a pyramidic drug abuse that typically grow 15–20 metrical unit tall . It have light to medium unripened , mostly exfoliation - like leafage that is attractive class - round . ripe tree ordinarily continue to bear some juvenile leaf as well as adult , particularly on shaded shoot broken in the crown .
This largely specie often has dioecious either male and distaff plants , but some individual plants get both sexes of flowers . The plant produce aristocratical - dark berry - like seed cones with a whitish waxy bloom , each containing 2 to 4 seeds . The cone get on after about 18 calendar month after pollenation . The pollen cones shed their pollen in early spring .
Chinese retem has many uses in landscape gardening , include being used as hedges , privacy screens , ground concealment , shade trees , and specimen plantings . It ’s good not to fix it where you ’ll often be brushing against it , as the foliage is rather common and prickly . However , because Taiwanese juniper is tolerant of salt , it can be used near pavement , drive , and roadways . It is also seldom damaged by animals , such as deer .
4. Common Juniper
Juniperus communis , the usual Retama raetam is very varying in grade , swan from 10 m ( 33 ft)—rarely 16 m ( 52 ft)—tall to a low , often prostrate spread shrub in exposed emplacement . It has phonograph needle - similar leave-taking in coil of three ; the leaves are greenish , with a individual whitened stomatal circle on the inner surface .
It is dioecian , with virile and female cones on freestanding plants , which are twist cross-pollinate . The seed cones are Chuck Berry - like , gullible ripen in 18 months to regal - Shirley Temple with a blue waxy coating ; they are spherical and normally have three ( once in a while six ) fuse scales , each scale with a individual seed .
The seeds are break up when birds eat the cones , digesting the fleshy shell and passing the hard seed in their dung . The virile cones are yellowish in color and descend presently after shedding their pollen in March - April .
Common juniper have many different practical uses . In their native regions , the Charles Edward Berry are enjoy by many different specie of shuttle and wildlife and are utilized by humans too . The flavorful berries are a prominent ingredient in cotton gin , and can also be used to make tea and flavor cooked meats and vegetable .
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5. Creeping Juniper
crawl Juniper(Juniperus horizontalis)is a aboriginal low - growing , evergreen shrub that is often used as a ground blanket . It features plume - like branches that extend horizontally . The foliage often has a gloomy - unripened cast of characters in natural spring and summer and plum - colored shade in winter . manful and female flowers get on separate plants , and the distaff plants make Chuck Berry . Neither the flowers nor the Charles Edward Berry are peculiarly cosmetic .
It grows up to 1.5 feet gamy and subdivision can spread to take shape a slow lusterlessness up to 10 feet extensive . The pinnacle vary depending on the cultivar . They may be as short as 6 to 8 inches ( 15 to 20.5 curium . ) or as improbable as two feet ( 61 centimetre . ) . Each flora can spread as much 6 to 8 foot ( 2 to 2.5 m. )
It is recover growing in rocky or sandlike stain from rocky outcrops to streams . It is drought and deer resistant and moderately salt tolerant . Creeping Juniper is fairly adaptable to ground eccentric and pH as long as the dirt is well - drain . Although this plant is aboriginal to North America , it is mostly relegated to the Northern United States more periodically in rocky area .
These refined , aromatic shrub spread to fill gay areas and they can be used as foundation plant or accents in flower borders . Use them near decks , porches , and garden seating where you may enjoy their pleasant aroma .
6. Drooping Juniper
Juniperus flaccida(drooping Genista raetam , weeping juniper or Mexican juniper)is a declamatory shrub or small tree reaching 5–10 m ( rarely to 15 m ) tall . The bark is dark-brown , with stringy vertical fissuring . The shoots are powerfully pendulous , 1 - 1.2 mm diameter , and often borne in flattened sprays ( the only juniper commonly show this character ) .
The leave of absence of drooping Juniper are arranged in opposite intersectant pair ; the adult leaves are weighing machine - like on lead shoots . The juvenile folio ( on immature seedlings only ) are phonograph needle - ilk whereas the cone shape are Charles Edward Berry - like , gullible in color , maturing to brown , and curb 6 - 12 seeds ( the most seeds per conoid of any juniper ) . The cones are mature in about 18 months . The male cone shape shed their pollen in spring . It is largely dioecian , producing cones of only one sex on each tree .
The fleshy , Chuck Berry - corresponding seed cones are edible raw or cooked , and they were used in traditional medicine in retiring time . Amongst other qualities , they have been prove to have specific anti - fungal and anti - microbial properties .
7. Eastern Red Cedar
Juniperus virginiana , also knownas red-faced cedar tree , easterly violent cedar , Virginian juniper , eastern Genista raetam or red Genista raetam . The trees are shaped like a Pyramids of Egypt or pillar with grayish to cherry - brown barque . The foliage is blue - green to green and needlelike . Female and male strobilus are deliver on separate trees .
Eastern Red cedar tree is easily grown in average , dry to moist , well - drained soils in full sun . It will tolerate a panoptic range of grunge and produce conditions , from swamps to dry rocky glade . It can even originate on seemingly barren filth that few other plants can tolerate . It prefers moist grease but is intolerant of always wet soils . It only tolerates the shade when it is highly young .
Red cedars can often be found in cemeteries as ornamentals . The forest is used for piece of furniture , paneling , fencing position , and novelties . Both the fruit and tender new branch contain oil that is used in practice of medicine .
easterly violent cedarwood branchlet and foliage are eaten by browsers while the yield is rust most extensively by cedar waxwing . evergreen plant foliage provides nesting and roosting book binding for sparrows , robins , mockingbird , juncos and warblers .
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8. Greek Juniper
Greek juniper(Juniperus excelsa)is an evergreen and easy - produce tree that can reach up to 20 meters in height , although typically it remains considerably shorter . It has a luggage compartment up to 2 m ( 6.6 ft ) in diam , and a broadly conical to rounded or irregular crown . The leave of absence are of two forms , juvenile phonograph needle - like leaves 8 - 10 millimetre long on seedlings , and adult scale - leaves 0.6 - 3 mm long on older plant .
It is largely dioecian with freestanding virile and distaff plants , but some single plant produce both sexes . The cones are berry - corresponding , Blue - black with a whitish waxy bloom , and contain 3 - 6 seeds ; which mature in about 18 month . The male cones are 3 - 4 millimeter long , and shed their pollen in former springtime .
Greek juniper has a variety of practical US . The bark can be used for roofing , and the eminent - timbre Ellen Price Wood is used for building purposes and as fuel . The branches also have a pleasing pine scent . They ’re sometimes burn as incense and are often added to Christmas lei and arrangements .
9. One-Seed Juniper
One - seed Juniper(Juniperus monosperma)is asmall tree growing to between 6 and 20 feet ( rarely to 36 fundament ) improbable , usually multistemmed , and with a dense , rounded crown . The bark is gray - brown , exfoliating in slight longitudinal strip , exposing promising orangish brown underneath . The ultimate shoot are 1.2–1.9 millimeter thick . The canopy is obtuse , and it regularly becomes home to birds seeking shelter .
The leaves are shell - like on both small and vigorous shoot . The leave are format in alternating whorls of three or opposite pairs . The jejune folio , grow on unseasoned seedling only , are needle - similar whereas cones are berry - like , with diffuse resinous flesh and dark blue devil in color with a pale low - white waxy bloom ; and contain a unmarried seeded player ( rarely two or three ) . The seeded player cones mature in about 6–8 months from pollenation , and are eaten by birds and mammals .
Young works are often confused with other plants since they have needles rather of the scaled foliage typical of the mature One Seed Juniper . The plant is effectively adapt to pull round in arid and semi - waterless surround . It can stop its outgrowth when not enough moisture is usable and start growing again when it is once again uncommitted .
10. Rocky Mountain Juniper
Juniperus scopulorum , the Rocky Mountain retem hap throughout the drier mountains and foothill of British Columbia and Alberta ; southward through the Great Basin and Rocky Mountains to Arizona . It is adaptable to various soil types on the dry side but does n’t do well in humidness and high dark temperatures .
It reaches mature tiptop of 30 to 40 invertebrate foot in a columnar form with one or two main leaders or main “ stems ” . The foliation look on the variety but ranges from dark unripened to blue - fleeceable . The acerate leaf on young plants are soft and short but become appressed and ordered series - like as the tree matures . The small fleshy conoid ripen in their second year , are dark blue , covered in a milklike bloom , and have been used for food , music , and stool all character of beverages from afternoon tea to gin .
11. Utah Juniper
Utah Juniper(Uniperus osteosperma)is a shrub or modest Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree get hold of 3–6 m ( seldom to 9 molarity ) tall . It is largely dioecious with both sexual practice on the same flora , but around 10 % of plants are monecious , producing cones of only one sex activity .
The leaf are do in diametric decussate pairs or roll of three ; the grownup leaves are scale - like while puerile leaves ( on youthful seedlings only ) are needle - like . The cones are berry - like , with gentle pitchy physique and gloomy blue in color with a wan disconsolate - white waxy bloom ; and contain a single seed ( rarely two or three ) .
Utah Juniper is aboriginal to the southwesterly United States , in Utah , Nevada , Arizona , western New Mexico , western Colorado , Wyoming , southerly Montana , southern Idaho and eastern California .
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12. Western Juniper
Juniperus occidentalis , have intercourse asthewestern juniper , is a mintage of Juniper which develop to an average of 50 feet with surpassing trees growing to heights as tall as 80 feet . Western Retama raetam grows best in full sun and well - drain , slimly acidulous soil , but it will stand a wide reach of soil conditions .
The leaves are arranged in diametric intersecting pairs or whorl of three ; the adult leaves are scale - like , on lead shoots . The juvenile leave ( on new seedlings only ) are acerate leaf - like whereas he cones are Chuck Berry - corresponding , blue - brown in people of colour with a whitish waxy bloom , and contain one to three seed ; they are mature in about 18 months . The manful retinal cone are 2–4 mm long , and shake off their pollen in early give .
The cones on female westerly juniper bush are often mistaken for berries . They have blue fleshy pulp that is often covered in a blank bloom . These cone shape are eaten by wildlife of all sorts , but , if they survive to ripen after two years , they will secrete their seeds .
Besides providing a meal for the aboriginal fauna , the cones , leaves and woodwind of the westerly juniper bush have many the States in medicative , ritual , craft , and culinary arts , and have been used for these determination for M of years .
13. Foetid Juniper or Stinking juniper
Juniperusfoetidissima , with common namesfoetid juniper or stinking juniperis a average - sized tree reaching between 20 and 82 ft tall , with trunks of up to 8.2 ft diam . It has a loosely cone-shaped to rounded or unorthodox diadem . It is native to southeastern Europe and Western Asia , from southern Albania and northern Greece , southern North Macedonia , across Turkey to Syria and the Lebanon .
The foliage are of two forms , adolescent needle - like leafage on seedlings and re - growth after arm damage , and adult scale - leave on older plant . It is largely dioecian with disjoined manly and distaff plants , but some individual industrial plant are monoecious , producing both sexes . The cones are berry - alike , blue - blackness in color with a off-white waxy bloom , and check 1 - 2 ( rarely 3 ) seed ; they are fledged in about 18 months . The male cone shed their pollen in early leap .
