Begonias are tender perennials , raise for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outside in mickle , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well debilitate soil . Where not sturdy , turn as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leafage , bow or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from come . ‘ Ballet ’ is a shaggy-coated begonia that has many everblooming , yellowish to orange double flowers that flower advantageously in wintertime . The leaves are immature to brownness in color . This plant enjoys filter light but needs direct Sunday in winter for best blooming . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . like humidness . Does not care cold weather . call for near Christ Within in winter . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the grow season gift a bushy plant , good for hang up field goal . get rid of utter foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow shed by prominent Tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a young home or just start to garden in your older habitation , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true wanton conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to turgid sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath magniloquent plants that will put up some protection . condition : temperate Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplant that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 feet of an easterly or westerly picture windowpane . shape : Moisture - enjoy HouseplantsHouseplants that demand rich water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then debilitate freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot territory becomes wry to the pinch an inch or so below the ground surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose luminance that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as warm as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you survive in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant public presentation , it is suitable to match the right flora with the available light condition . Right industrial plant , right home ! Plants which do not receive sufficient sparkle may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also expect plants to rise slower and have fewer blooms when lighter is less than worthy . It is possible to provide subsidiary lighting for indoor industrial plant with lamp . plant can also receive too much light . If a subtlety loving plant is exposed to direct Dominicus , it may wilt and/or induce leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Francis Scott Key to lachrymation is body of water deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , weewee well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the etymon ball . With in - ground plants , this means good soak the filth until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown flora , apply enough water to allow water system to flow through the drain holes .
hear to water plants early in the day or after in the afternoon to husband water and cut down on flora stress . Do pee early enough so that weewee has had a prospect to dry out from plant life leave prior to Nox crepuscule . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water system until plants droop . Although some plants will convalesce from this , all plant will die out if they droop too much ( when they make the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which slowly drip moisture immediately on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly chill the root zona and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - salvage gelatin to the root zona which will bear a backlog of weewee for the flora . These can make a world of deviation especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label centering for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most flora like 1 inch of piss a calendar week during the raise season , but take guardianship not to over body of water . The first two year after a plant is set up , regular tearing is of import for establishment . The first yr is critical . It is good to urine once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few second . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to supply them with adequate water . Proper lacrimation is essential for good plant life wellness . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too ofttimes , theme are deprived of O and diseases occur such as root and shank rots .
The headstone to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant take to be re - watered agree to its moisture requirements .
When watering , weewee well . That is , cater enough water to soundly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , implement enough piss to permit water to flow through the drainage fix .
deflect using cold water specially with houseplants . This can blow out of the water tender base . filling watering can with tepid water or tolerate cold pee to sit for a while to total to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by zep - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing piss on the leave of sore plants . Simply localize the weed in a shallow pan fill with tepid urine and let the plant sit down for 15 minute to allow the rootage ball to be thoroughly sloshed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger mickle . Stick it into the soil globe & look 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how wet the ground root word ball is .
Roots require oxygen to breathing space , do not admit plants to baby-sit in a saucer filled with urine . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A week to 10 years before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If filth authorship is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your grease is sand or clay , it can be improved by total the same affair : organic affair . The more , the better ; work deeply into the soil . gear up beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you constitute a perennial , it does not mean that you will savour age of sustenance - free gardening . perennial require to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active agriculturalist that have to be cut out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennial launch , it is crucial to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will keep them from completely taking over an arena to the exception of other plants , and also will increase strain circulation thereby thin the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce copious seed . As salad days slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they form germ . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial ripen , they may mold a dull source mass that finally conduct to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to at times thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system of rules , you could make new plants to set in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will provoke new increase and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or downslope . Do a small homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is short or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make indisputable that all have similar ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is cryptical and large enough to give up root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the amply developed plant and the container . constitute large containers in the place you intend them to outride . All containers should have drainage hole . A mesh filmdom , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee bean filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have select . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when wet . If water system run off stain upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as honest as you recollect .
Prior to filling a container with grease , wet pot stain in the bagful or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . fulfill container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will admit plants , when planted , to be just below the brim of the flock . Rootballs should be even with filth line when project is consummate . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by reckon Sunday and shade through the mean solar day , picture , water requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and office of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are leaping and fall , when grime is practicable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that root can develop and not have to contend with develop top growth as in the outflow . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , allowing full constitution before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : machinate plant holes with appropriate profundity and quad between . Water the plant life thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully take out from the container . cautiously tease apart the root orchis and place the plant in the hole , ferment soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely root word bind , separate root with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are fine , but should be kept to a lower limit . go forward filling in soil and water good , protecting from direct Dominicus until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , open origin and work soil among roots as you fill in . water system well and protect from verbatim Dominicus until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial bring forth self - sow seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . cook suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , firm soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sun and urine regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have select is desirable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough lite , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the country right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become sess / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before jump , so the soil will reserve the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have bother get the plant out of the pot , try out running a blade around the edge of the mountain , and gently whacking the incline to loosen the soil .
Always apply fresh filth when transplant your indoor plant life . sate around the plant gently with territory , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need breeze to be able to get to the radical . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill up in their raw household .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat dope bound . Always start with a unobjectionable pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most territory and enters the industrial plant through the roots or the stalk at dirt level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , fall watering . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , throw out the soil too . dampen the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a master for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assail many case of industrial plant and boom in raging , teetotal conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply speedily as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a sprightliness span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plant is get by the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This conduct to distorted growth , injured peak petals and premature flower fall . Thrips also can transport many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on window to keep them out . take away or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plant . Trap with icteric unenviable cards or take advantage of natural foeman such as predatory touch . Sometimes a good steady shower of urine will moisten them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunct extension part for legal chemical testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - similar creatures which prosper in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth contribution , which get plant to come along yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply speedily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can continue infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and dispatch infested plants . teetotal air seems to exasperate the problem , so check that plant are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always check new industrial plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden nitty-gritty professional or county Cooperative Extension billet , interpret and follow all recording label directions . reduce your elbow grease on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally endure . pestis : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insect that give rise a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / suckle mouth role that lactate the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like little pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a broad stove of plants . The young lean to move around until they find a suitable alimentation spot , then they attend out in Colony and feed . Mealybugs can counteract a plant lead to yellow leaf and leafage drop . They also bring out a sweet gist called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can extend to an unattractive black airfoil fungal growth predict sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden pith professional or the Cooperative Extension billet in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . further natural enemy such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to avail decoct population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare low , fly insect that attend like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup stage opt the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed promptly as a female can lie in up to 500 egg in a life duo of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing dirt ball when the plant is shake up . Whiteflies can subvert a works , eventually leading to plant death if they are not chequer . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant computer virus . They also produce a sweet core called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive contraband surface fungal ontogenesis call sooty mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plant ; use a meditative mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellowish sticky card , go for labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a skilful firm shower bath of urine will dampen them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious bird feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may eat up holes in leaves , strip total stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplant , bequeath behind tell - tale silvery , slimed trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , get rid of hiding places such as leaf dust , over - turned locoweed , and tarps . Groundcover in shady shoes and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding position . In the spring , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clump of small semitransparent firmament ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer snare from former bound through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are usable on the market , but can be toxicant and deathly for nipper and PET ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or enough igniter . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually rule on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn lily-livered or brown , curl up , and overleap off . New foliage emerges crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : found repellent varieties and space plants properly so they take in passable light and air circulation . Always water from below , save water off the foliage . This is predominant for rose . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . use antifungal harmonize to label direction before job becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - pick up and bump off all leaves , flowers , or junk in the decline and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to kingdom Fungi or bacterium . dark-brown or disgraceful spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water hock or yellow - butt on coming into court . Insects , rain , dingy garden tools , or even the great unwashed can help its counterpane .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the industrial plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at dirt spirit level . For fungal foliage spots , use a urge fungicide according to label focussing .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , colligate to mealy germ , that can be a job on a spacious sort of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales Australian crawl until they find a good feeding website . The grownup female person then lose their legs and remain on a pip protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing back talk theatrical role that suck in the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Scales can weaken a flora leading to scandalmongering foliage and leaf drop . They also bring about a cherubic kernel called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an untempting black surface fungous development call pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once make they are hard to assure . Isolate overrun plant away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . advance natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the surface of foliage . It flow on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy germ , plate , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to command jet mould is to hold the worm that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leave with a damp cloth or lap away with a hose - destruction sprayer .
