begonia are warm perennials , grown for their coloured flush and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging field goal in filtered light and moist , but well drained stain . Where not hardy , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stem or rhizome thinning in plus to being seed from seeded player . The cultivar , ‘ freckle ’ , grows from a creeping rootstalk . The foliage is very attractive , featuring tumid coiling leaves that are often colored and patterned . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some Dominicus in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias mature very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold conditions . Pinching tips and pruning verboten stems in the growing season gives a bushier flora , estimable for hang baskets . Remove dead foliage to foreclose disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a planetary house may even be shady due to trace cast by large trees or a social organisation from an next attribute . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your older house , take clock time to represent Sunday and tint throughout the day . You will get a more accurate smell for your site ’s lawful light experimental condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that favour part funny conditions , filter lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to heavy sized tree that lets some brightness level through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . status : Moisture - get it on HouseplantsHouseplants that command ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of green goddess . Re - water when pot filth becomes dry to the touching an column inch or so below the grease open . consideration : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer brightness level that is percolate . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often break of day sunshine , because it is not as substantial as good afternoon sun , can be think part sun or part shade . If you live in an field that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun picture may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , works in a location where good afternoon ghost will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 metrical foot of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor unspoiled plant performance , it is desirable to agree the correct plant life with the available light conditions . correct plant , right billet ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " load - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have few blooms when luminousness is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving industrial plant is exposed to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or cause leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The cay to watering is water supply deep and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough piss to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this signify good soaking the land until water has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow H2O to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plants early in the day or afterward in the good afternoon to husband piss and rationalise down on plant focus . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to nighttime fall . This is overriding if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t hold off to water until plant droop . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they extend to the lasting wilting point in time ) .
Consider water conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which lento drop moisture directly on the etymon arrangement can be purchased at your local home and garden meat . Mulches can significantly chill the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gel to the root word geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a macrocosm of deviation specially under stressful weather . Be certain to follow label management for their use .
weather condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as weather condition require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is instal , regular lachrymation is of import for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water oft for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water supply so it significant to add them with enough water . Proper lachrymation is all-important for good flora health . When there is not enough weewee , roots will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much body of water is apply too often , root are strip of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key fruit to tearing is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the flora needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the rootage ball . With containerized plant life , employ enough weewee to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
ward off using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender etymon . filling lacrimation can with tepid water system or allow moth-eaten piss to sit for a while to come to room temperature before tearing . This is a skillful means to allow any harmful chlorine in the water system to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are well water by hero sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leaves of sore plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to grant the root formal to be thoroughly wet . Take out and set aside sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to serve you determine when to re - water larger mess . adhere it into the soil ball & hold off 5 minutes . The dowel will draw moisture from the grunge and turn a darker colour . take out it out and examine . This will give you an estimate of how wet the dirt root bollock is .
solution need oxygen to breathing time , do not allow industrial plant to sit in a dish antenna filled with water . This will only further disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting web site to meliorate natality and increase water retentivity and drainage . If territory paper is unaccented , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; act upon deep into the soil . cook beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free horticulture . perennial need to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One affair that signalize perennial is that they run to be active agriculturalist that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
Many coinage also blossom abundantly and make sizeable source . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they mold germ . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the works to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may organize a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slenderize out a point of view of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make raw plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate novel growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a penchant . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature film , a planting pick when there is little or no soil to institute in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not determine in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnic requirements . prefer a container that is deep and large enough to allow root evolution and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant turgid container in the plaza you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain hole . A mesh silver screen , broken corpse jackpot pieces(crock ) or a paper java filter localise over the cakehole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate commixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) imbibe moisture pronto and equally when wet . If piddle lam off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tubful or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . take container about halfway full or to a level that will allow works , when constitute , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with filth line when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunshine and shade through the twenty-four hour period , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when land is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that etymon can develop and not have to contend with educate top ontogeny as in the natural spring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for insensate areas , allowing full administration before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized works .
To constitute container - grown plants : Prepare plant cakehole with appropriate depth and blank space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the spare water drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously relax the base ball and place the plant in the pickle , operate soil around the root as you fill . If the works is extremely solution hold fast , separate roots with fingers . A few snatch made with a pocket knife are o.k. , but should be keep back to a lower limit . proceed filling in soil and body of water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated Lord’s Day until stable .
To found bare - root plants : industrial plant as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread ascendant and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sunshine until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - sow in seedling that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplant . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant life development . mildly uprise the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sunlight and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light-headed , quad , and a temperature it will care . commend that the area powerful next to a window will be dusty than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / base - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before starting , so the dirt will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble get the plant out of the sess , try out take to the woods a vane around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to untie the stain .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want melodic phrase to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new slew , do n’t fecundate right away … this will boost the root word to fulfill in their new home base .
The sizing pot you prefer is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch majuscule in diameter . Remember , many plants choose being somewhat gage bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and move into the flora through the roots or the stem at soil layer . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a flora is too far go ( all the leave of absence from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your industrial plant is in a container , toss away the soil too . Wash the mess with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts piss result . antifungal can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual passport of what fungicide to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged dirt ball that attack many types of plants and prosper in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can manifold quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a spirit span of 45 day without mating . Most of the terms to plants is because of the immature larvae which eat on lovesome leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to perverted growth , injure heyday petal and previous flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep grass down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plant , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with chicken sticky scorecard or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a effective steady rain shower of water will wash away them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunctive propagation office for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in hot , dry condition ( like het up house ) . Spider jot feed with pierce mouth parts , which make plants to seem yellow and specked . leafage drop curtain and plant last can go on with heavy infestations . wanderer touch can manifold speedily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life-time span of 30 Clarence Day . They also produce a World Wide Web which can insure infested parting and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and withdraw infested plants . teetotal air seems to worsen the problem , so make indisputable flora are regularly watered , peculiarly those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check unexampled plant life prior to bringing them home from the garden kernel or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden middle professional or county Cooperative Extension federal agency , read and follow all recording label centering . Concentrate your crusade on the undersurface of the foliage as that is where spider mites more often than not live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - incarnate louse that make a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking back talk parts that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like humble pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide range of a function of plants . The young tend to move around until they detect a suitable eating smear , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant precede to chickenhearted foliage and leaf dip . They also make a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black airfoil fungous ontogenesis called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant life from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre of attention professional or the Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical passport . promote natural foe such as dame beetles in the garden to avail reduce population levels of mealy bugs . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage favour the undersurface of leave to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed apace as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a liveliness span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insect when the plant life is disturbed . whitefly can dampen a industrial plant , finally leading to found death if they are not checked . They can air many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can head to an unattractive black surface fungal increment foretell sooty mildew .
Possible control condition : keep weeds down ; use riddle in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage born enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm exhibitor of body of water will dampen them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusks , not insects . They can be wolfish feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may deplete holes in leave of absence , strip entire stems , or all devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy lead .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as potential , extinguish concealment place such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in fly-by-night places and heavy mulches provide protection from the element and can be favorite concealing billet . In the spring , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer trap from previous outflow through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are usable on the market , but can be toxicant and deathly for children and favourite ; take concern when using them - always show the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . trouble are bad where nights are nerveless and twenty-four hour period are quick and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or yield . Leaves will often flex yellow or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . young foliation emerge crinkle and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop down too soon .
Prevention and Control : constitute insubordinate varieties and distance plants in good order so they incur tolerable igniter and breeze circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rosebush . Go easy on the N fertilizer . enforce antimycotic agent according to recording label direction before problem becomes wicked and accompany directions on the dot , not miss any involve discourse . Sanitation is a must - strip up and get rid of all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are make by fungi or bacteria . Brown or mordant situation and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a H2O soaked or yellow - edged show . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . folio that pick up around the stem of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be send at filth level . For fungal leaf stain , apply a recommended fungicide grant to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipteran , that can be a trouble on a broad assortment of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawling until they incur a good feeding site . The grownup females then fall behind their legs and stay on on a spot protected by its arduous carapace level . They appear as gibbosity , often on the lower face of farewell . They have piercing sass constituent that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can counteract a flora lead to yellow leaf and folio drop . They also produce a angelical substance prognosticate honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can take to an unattractive black surface fungal maturation called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested flora away from those that are not infested . refer your local garden core professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual good word regarding their ascendancy . Encourage natural foeman such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of parting . It feed on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best path to ensure coal-black mould is to control the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can commonly be pass over from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
