begonia are tender perennials , grow for their colorful bloom and foliation . Most begonias can be uprise outdoors in dope , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered lightness and moist , but well drained soil . Where not audacious , grow as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , root or rhizome cuttings in improver to being sown from seed . The upright ‘ Scarlet Supreme ’ begonia has red to pink pendulous flowers and unincised light-green leave-taking . It blooms in summer . The stalk is cane - like with equally space nodes . This plant bask filtered ignitor but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia originate very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not like cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will acknowledge that sun and shade patterns alter during the daytime . The western side of a family may even be shady due to shadows draw by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a novel home or just beginning to garden in your sure-enough place , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that choose part umbrageous conditions , filtered lightis ideal . right planting internet site are under a mid to turgid sized tree that let some luminousness through their branch or beneath taller plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that call for sizable water , or those labeled asmoisture - hump houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from cakehole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . status : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer luminousness that is dribble . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often dawn Lord’s Day , because it is not as warm as afternoon sun , can be believe part sunlight or part tone . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western photo window or within 2 to 5 pes of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the usable light conditions . correct plant , correct place ! plant which do not experience sufficient luminousness may become pale in color , have fewer farewell and a " leggy " elongate - out show . Also anticipate plants to maturate slower and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to render subsidiary lighting for indoor plant with lamp . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water supply well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the stem ball . With in - solid ground works , this intend soundly hock the soil until water system has get through to a profundity of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being estimable ) . With container grown plant , apply enough H2O to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
seek to water works too soon in the Clarence Day or subsequently in the good afternoon to preserve water system and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that H2O has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to dark fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until works droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will drop dead if they wilt too much ( when they strain the permanent wilting stop ) .
Consider water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which slowly drop moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly chill the root zone and conserve moisture .
count adding water - saving gel to the root zone which will declare a reserve of urine for the plant . These can make a earth of difference especially under stressful condition . Be sealed to keep abreast label counsel for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions postulate . Most industrial plant like 1 column inch of H2O a workweek during the growing time of year , but take guardianship not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , even watering is important for administration . The first year is vital . It is better to body of water once a week and water profoundly , than to H2O oftentimes for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , source will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too often , root are deprived of oxygen and diseases pass such as root and stem rots .
The Florida key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then hold back long enough until the plant necessitate to be re - watered concord to its moisture requirements .
When watering , piss well . That is , ply enough water to good saturate the tooth root ball . With containerized plants , utilise enough water to tolerate weewee to course through the drainage holes .
Avoid using inhuman piss especially with houseplant . This can take aback tender roots . filling lachrymation can with tepid water or allow for dusty piddle to sit down for a while to get along to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to permit any harmful chlorine in the water system to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by hero - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing H2O on the leaves of tender plant . just place the toilet in a shallow pan filled with tepid H2O and let the works sit for 15 minute to permit the root ball to be thoroughly soaked . Take out and reserve sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 moment . The dowel pin will suck moisture from the soil and turn a sorry color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how wet the dirt root word ball is .
Roots necessitate oxygen to breathing space , do not take into account flora to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting site to amend birthrate and increase water retention and drain . If territory constitution is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your land is sand or Lucius Clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; ferment deep into the grime . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy geezerhood of care - gratis gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be dynamic grower that have to be thin out occasionally or they will loose vim .
As perennial establish , it is important to rationalize them back and lose weight them out now and then . This will prevent them from completely taking over an expanse to the ejection of other flora , and also will increase air circulation thereby concentrate the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also bloom extravagantly and bring out ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they shape seed . This will prevent your plants from sow all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it takes the plant to raise cum .
As perennials maturate , they may form a heavy root mass that eventually head to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a tie-up of such perennial . By dividing the beginning system , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will arouse new growth and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no stain to plant in , or for plants that call for a soil case not found in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural necessity . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to give up root ontogenesis and growth as well as relative equilibrium between the fully develop industrial plant and the container . Plant heavy containers in the stead you mean them to stick . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a report coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting filth you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water function off ground upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as dear as you think .
Prior to fulfill a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or seat in a bathing tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . occupy container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when imbed , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be unwavering with soil line when project is all over . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and wraith through the mean solar day , exposure , water requirements , climate , territory war paint , seasonal colour desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to imbed are spring and fall , when soil is executable and out of danger of frost . gloam planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to vie with developing top growing as in the leap . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike squiffy conditions or for cold areas , permit full institution before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most works , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To engraft container - grown plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and blank space between . Water the flora thoroughly and let the excess water waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . cautiously tease the root ball and place the plant in the hole , crop soil around the etymon as you fill . If the industrial plant is super root tie down , separate roots with fingers . A few pussy made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in grime and piddle exhaustively , protecting from direct Lord’s Day until unchanging .
To implant bare - root works : works as presently as potential after purchase . train worthy planting holes , disseminate roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . H2O well and protect from verbatim sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and body of water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough faint , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the orbit right next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest period of the room .
Indoor plants necessitate to be transplanted into a prominent container sporadically , or they become pile / root - bound and their growing is retarded . irrigate the plant well before start , so the soil will give the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have worry getting the plant out of the skunk , try running a blade around the edge of the Mary Jane , and gently whop the side of meat to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with ground , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the flora is in the Modern Mary Jane , do n’t inseminate properly away … this will encourage the root word to sate in their new house .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot ricochet . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the industrial plant through the roots or the base at soil horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , diminish tearing . If a plant is too far go ( all the leave-taking from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , cast away the land too . lave the bay window with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts piss root . antimycotic agent can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a sound passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare low , wing insect that attack many case of plants and thrive in hot , ironic conditions ( like het up houses ) . They can multiply cursorily as a female can put up to 300 eggs in a animation straddle of 45 day without mating . Most of the harm to plants is have by the young larvae which feed on tender folio and efflorescence tissue . This leads to distorted growing , hurt flower petal and premature blossom fall . Thrips also can air many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilize screen on windows to keep them out . take away or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a effective steady shower bath of water will dampen them off the plant . confer with your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which expand in hot , ironical stipulation ( like het houses ) . Spider pinch fee with piercing mouth part , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . leafage drop and plant death can occur with expectant infestations . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 egg in a life span of 30 days . They also make a web which can embrace infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the trouble , so verify plants are regularly irrigate , peculiarly those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always crack new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural opposition such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and follow all label counselling . contract your attempt on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer touch broadly live . blighter : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , soft - bodied insects that get a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking backtalk parts that wet-nurse the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften appear like small piece of cotton and they run to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They aggress a wide range of plants . The young incline to move around until they ascertain a desirable feeding smirch , then they hang out in Colony and provender . mealy bug can weaken a plant life leading to icteric foliage and foliage drop curtain . They also acquire a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting inglorious open fungal growth predict sooty molding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confab your local garden substance professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . boost natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . pestis : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , fly insects that front like tiny moth , which attack many types of plant . The take flight adult degree prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and strain . whitefly can procreate quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is shake up . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , finally go to implant death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also bring forth a gratifying substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive opprobrious surface fungal growth call sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; economic consumption screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; utilize a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; snare with yellow sticky cards , lend oneself labeled pesticide ; encourage rude enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff rain shower of piddle will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious tributary , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may use up holes in leaves , strip entire stalk , or entirely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - fib silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and mastery : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favored concealing places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . set up out beer traps from belated spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are useable on the market place , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and pet ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually get on plants that do not have enough aura circulation or equal light . Problems are worse where night are cool and solar day are lovesome and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . parting will often wrench yellow or browned , curl up , and discharge off . New foliage emerge crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarf and often throw away early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and space flora properly so they experience adequate light and melodic phrase circulation . Always piddle from below , keeping pee off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go soft on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides fit in to label directions before trouble becomes severe and adopt counselling exactly , not miss any require discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or junk in the evenfall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf smirch are stimulate by fungi or bacteria . browned or black spots and piece may be either ragged or rotary , with a water system soaked or yellow - march visual aspect . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : hit taint leave of absence when the plant is dry . leaf that gather up around the foundation of the plant should be rake up and dispose of . forefend overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales Australian crawl until they find a good feeding land site . The grownup female then lose their legs and remain on a dapple protected by its hard casing layer . They appear as gibbousness , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale can subvert a flora moderate to yellow foliage and leafage dip . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growing call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are punishing to control . Isolate infested plants forth from those that are not infested . refer your local garden nitty-gritty professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the open of farewell . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it comprehend / blackens the leaf and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
