Aphids
There are many kinds of aphid and they vary greatly in coloring and in general visual aspect , e.g. , ‘ greenfly ’ , ‘ blackfly ’ , ` woolly aphid ’ , etc .
Often the pestilence is not comment until large colonies have built up , which can fall out very promptly in warm weather . By the sentence the damage is notice , the aphid may have migrated , leaving only their cast skins . Aphids fertilize by sucking the sap which give procession to various types of wrong . Flowers , shoots and fruit may be deformed ; foliage curled , vesicate or discolored and bile are sometimes formed on stems or leave . Other effects of infestations include the transmission of virus diseases ; the attracter of ants to the honeydew melon excreted by the aphid and the growth of pitchy mould on this sticky deposit , which gives affected industrial plant a dirty and neglect appearance .
Most aphid rest overwintering eggs on trees and shrubs . In spring , these give rise to aphids which produce sustenance young , not ball . After several generation , wing forms appear and these are able to transmigrate to herbaceous innkeeper - plants where breeding goes on throughout the summer calendar month . In fall , winged aphids repay to the trees and shrubs where the wintertime eggs are lay .
old salt oil or DNOC - fossil oil spray may be used against the egg stage when tree are totally dormant . Various combination sprays can be used on yield tree diagram at the bud - burst to green cluster stage in early spring . If BHC is used after petal fall , derris should be append against red spider , or malathion(nasty stuff ) can be used whenever an plague is observe . On ornamentals , aphid may be controlled by malathion , dimethoate , nicotine , BHC or derris . It is necessary to read Almighty ’ education carefully to find out how long should elapse between spray and harvesting eatable crops and whether any plants are liable to damage by the opt insect powder .
Aphids have many raw enemies , including ladybirds and their larvae , lacewing larvae , syrphid fly larvae and braconid sponge .
Apple aphid : Apple - gage aphid(Rhopalosiphum insertum).Sometimes known as oat Malus pumila aphid . Attacks apple , pear and quince etc . unclouded green with dour stripes Feeds among peak , bud and youthful leaves , get some leaf curl . About mid - May , migration accept spot to pasture for the summer months . In early autumn , winged forms deliver to fruit trees where over - overwinter egg are laid .
Green Malus pumila aphid(Aphis pomi).Attacks apple , pear , quince , rowan , hawthorn , cotoneaster , etc . , and can be a severe pesterer of nursery origin . vernal shoots become thick coated with velvety - K aphids . Leaf - curl is make and the shoot - tips may be kill . The glistening , dark , oval eggs are lay on the shoots in vast number in early autumn .
flushed orchard apple tree aphid(Sappaphis mali).Colonies of aphids variegate from pinkish to blue - grey and slenderly ‘ mealy ’ , infest the shoots , induce terrible foliage - curl and small , misrepresented fruits . In June most of the aphids migrate to plantain . A winged coevals returns to Malus pumila in September , when overwintering egg are laid .
Rosy leaf - curling aphid(Sappaphis devecta).Easily detected because attacked leaves become bright red and seriously curl . The aphids feeding within are grainy blueish gray . They tend to infest the same tree twelvemonth after year . Eggs are put down in late June and July in cracks in the barque and sites well protected from wintertime spray . Therefore , a compounding atomizer should be put on at the bud fusillade to green cluster stage in bound , or malathion may be used whenever the pest is noticed .
Woolly aphid(Eriosoma lanigerum)also called American blight . flack apple , pyrus , cotoneaster , puracantha , etc . Brownish purple in color but protect by conspicuous tuft of white , waxy cotton plant woolen specially in the summer months . Feeding causes galling of shoot and rent may develop allowing disease to enter . sassy infestation are liable to pass each year as the pest transmigrate freely . Root plague take place abroad but seldom in Britain , although colonies may be discover at the base of the trunk or on exposed root word . The aphid hibernates under loose barque , etc . , make control by winter sprays difficult . pocket-sized infestation may be painted over with methylated spirits . Otherwise , spraying with BHC and a succinate wetter at the pinkish bud stage of apple , or with malathion whenever an infestation is noticed , should give control condition . The woolly aphid parasite , Aphelinus mali , has been used commercially against the pest but needs to be kept in cold storage during the winter as tight seasons appear to be unfavourable to its survival of the fittest . The galls are often peck out by bird .
Auricula take root aphid(Pemphigus auriculae).Pale dark-green aphid cover with bloodless ‘ wool ’ . Found on the source of potted primulas and occasionally out of doors . The foliage of attacked works becomes chicken and the works eventually wilt . Dipping in a solvent of nicotine or watering with malathion or diazinon should stop this gadfly .
Beech aphid(Phyllaphis fagi).An attractive aphid which secretes feathery trails of white ‘ woolen ’ . Found in colonies on the underside of the leave of beech trees or infesting beech hedges , cause a sticky deposit of honeydew .
pitch-black bean plant aphid(Aphis fabae).Blackish aphid with light coloured legs . Over - overwinter eggs are found on arbor and Abronia elliptica trees , as are those of several very closely touch on aphids . Leaf - curl is because of their eating . In due grade , migration study place to beans and weeds such as goosefoot and thistles . close pertain aphids infest rhubarb , dahlias , nasturtiums , docks etc . In fall there is a return to the woody hosts to put down overwintering eggs .
Cabbage aphid(Brevicoryne brassicae).Waxy , grey aphid which infest brassica leaves , causing them to become yellow and crumpled . Young plants may become stunted or kill in severe infestations . Overwintering egg are laid on the stems and leave but the aphids themselves may also subsist a balmy winter . It is advisable to put down old plants before mid - May because in June and July migration take place to fresh planted genus Brassica and believably also to weed hosts , such as charlock and shepherd ’s bag .
cherry red blackfly(Myzus cerasi).A brownish - black , shiny , aphid which often occurs in large telephone number on the shoot of fruiting and cosmetic cherry . spartan leafage - curl is caused and often the death of the shoots . In June , migration begin to skunk such as chopper , bedstraw and speedwell . In autumn , winged aphids yield to cherry and overwintering eggs are laid .
Chrysanthemum aphid(Macrosiphoniella sanborne).A brownish - black aphid which causes deformation of shoots and buds . It is often circumstantially taken into the nursery in the autumn with the plants and thus is able to spawn on them throughout the yr .
Current and Ribes uva-crispa aphids : Currant rootaphid ( Eriosoma ulmi ) . Grey aphid found on the roots protected by ` wool ’ . The winter eggs are lay on elm and the alimentation of the aphids in spring galls the elm tree farewell . In early summer , migration to currant and gooseberry roots take on topographic point .
Currant - sowthistle aphid(Hyperomyzus lactucae).A green aphid with black markings in the winged stagecoach . It occurs mostly on currants where stunting of shoots and leaf - curl is caused . The summertime host is sowthistle .
gooseberry bush aphid(Aphis grossulariae).Greyish fleeceable aphid which deforms the shoot - tips of currant bush and gooseberry . spend the summertime on a species of willowherb .
Lettuce aphid(Nasonovia ribisnigri).A shiny gullible aphid which infests currant and gooseberry . In summer , a terrible pest of lettuce on which it may winter in a meek time of year .
carmine currant bush bulla aphid(Cryptomyzus ribis).A ointment - colored aphid regain on the underside of the leave in spring stimulate severe red vesication . ( On black‑currants , the blister may be yellow . ) The summer is spent on hedgerow - woundwort and hemp nettle .
nursery potato aphid(Aulacorthum solani).A yellowish - fleeceable aphid which make severe leaf - curl on potato and other plants outdoors and under glass . Tomatoes and gillyflower are among the flora attacked .
Lettuce root aphid(Pemphigus bursarius).This pale , mealy aphid has two main emcee plant . winter ball are put down on poplar trees and the lead aphid form ‘ purse bitterness ’ , reddish , vacuous , pear - shape swelling on the leaves . In summertime , many of the aphids migrate to various plant , including lettuce where colony covered in ‘ wool ’ are formed on the roots . In autumn , there is a return to lie winter egg on poplar , but some aphids may remain on lettuce root if shape are favorable . water with nicotine , malathion or diazinon , following maker ’ teaching , should check this gadfly .
Mottled arum aphid(Aulacorthum circumflexum).Shiny , yellow fleeceable aphid mottled with total darkness . A gadfly of many nursery industrial plant including aroid , chrysanthemum , Cyclamen purpurascens , etc .
Peach - potato aphid(Myzus persicae).Ranging in colouring from pink to yellowish - green , the pest infests all kinds of works , from murphy , lettuce and brassicas to shrubs , peach trees and garden and glasshouse plants , stimulate curling leaves and contort flower . Overwintering eggs are laid on woody hosts , but some aphid survive in protect sites on plants under glass and out of doors .
Pear bedstraw aphid(Sappaphis pyri).A pinkish - gray aphid which often builds up enormous populations before winged migrator allow for to infest bedstraw . There is a return to pear in early fall when overwintering eggs are lay .
Plum aphids : Leaf curling plum aphid(Brachycaudus helichrysi).Yellowish - green aphid which dream up early in spring and feed on the develop bud and later on the leafage , cause austere leafage - curl . Migration choose post in summer to such plants as aster and chrysanthemum . In fall , there is a return to plum , where overwintering eggs are laid .
Mealy plums aphid(Hyalopterus pruni).Mealy , wan immature aphids which brood late in spring , but which form tremendous colony on the underside of the leaves in summertime . Some migrate to Walter Reed and Gunter Wilhelm Grass but others extend to multiply on plum and damson , where the overwintering eggs are laid in autumn .
Potato aphid(Macrosiphon euphorbiae).This vary in colour from pink to special K . It damage the spring up point and induce folio - curl in potatoes and a blanket range of plants , including lettuce , antirrhinums and yearly aster .
Raspberry aphid(Aphis idaei).Mealy , grey - green aphids which infest raspberry , loganberry , etc . winter ballock are laid at the base of the bud . The aphid cause leaf - curl and stunting in serious infestations on young outgrowth .
Rubus aphid(Amphorophora rubi).Large , wan green aphid , ordinarily in little groups on raspberry and blackberry .
Spruce aphid(Elatobium abietinum).A green aphid which infests spruce , causing a mottled appearance on the needles , stickiness and often sooty mould , often followed by severe defoliation .
Strawberry aphid(Pentatrichopus fragaefoliae).Small wan aphids with knobbed hairs . They engender incessantly on strawberry mark except in the coldest weather . wing forms are often creditworthy for spreading virus to other stocks .
Shallot aphid(Myzus ascalonicus).Small , green brown aphid which cause misrepresented leave-taking and stunted plants . Breeding continues through fall and wintertime , but about other June a migration to other host plants takes place .
Tulip bulb aphid(Sappaphis tulipae ) . Ayellowish aphid which infests bulbs and corms , continuing to breed in store where conditions are favorable and infesting new shoots when they uprise . Infested bulbs may be swallow in a gamma - BHC ( 20 per centum ) solution , 0.51 ( 1/4pt ) to 45 liter ( 10gal ) water system , for 15 minutes . Fumigation with paradichlorobenzene vitreous silica under hessian in an airtight tin , with the light bulb or corms laid on the hessian is effective . 112 g ( 4 oz ) of crystals are needed per 0.3 copper one thousand ( cu ft ) and the tin should be leave for five days .
Waterlily aphid(Rhopalosiphum nyphaeae).A dark , slimly coarse-grained aphid which builds up large colonies on water plants in summer , causing straining and discoloration of waterlily leaves and flowers . The winter hosts are genus Prunus species from which the winged migrants retrovert to water plants in June . Control is difficult if Pisces the Fishes are present or if there is an wall socket to weewee check fish , because most insecticide , including derris , are harmful to them . Nicotine is perhaps the least dangerous for this purpose ; or a strong jet of water might be used to wash off the aphids .
