If you ’ve gone swim in the ocean , then you likely know the spirit : that slimy , tickle sensation of seaweed brushing your legs and the bottom of your feet . Although not the most pleasant aesthesis , it serves as a reminder of the abundant life in myriad chassis that populates the world ’s ocean and marine environment . leatherneck plant life serve up numerous functions . Single - celled plants call phytoplankton are the groundwork of the marine food web . large plant provide habitat for fish and other maritime organisms , and through photosynthesis , marine plants change state carbon dioxide into the oxygen that marine life needs to breathe .

Phytoplankton

Although , if you hold up a deoxyephedrine of saltwater , you ’d never be able to see most of them with the naked eye , phytoplankton are the most essential being for sustain the life of the sea . grant to Robert Stewart ’s " Oceanography in the 21st Century , " phytoplankton account for 95 percent of master productiveness in the ocean – that is , they carry out 95 pct of photosynthesis – and a full half of main productivity in the world . Their function is vital for making the sun ’s light available to animals in the form of chemical energy . Phytoplankton include microscopic , single - celled organisms as well as algae . Phytoplankton are most vulgar in the Northern Hemisphere near the coasts .

Kelp

Kelp is a descriptor of large , brown alga that acquire off the coast of California . Kelp is distinctive because of its size and the effectiveness of its adaptations . According to the Missouri Botanical Garden , a exclusive works can grow up to 125 foot in duration – taller than many tree . Although alga are name from other plants by their lack of a root word system , kelp possess anatomical characteristic that permit them to survive in the ocean while reaching such telling sizes . A holdfast secures the plant to the sea floor while air - fill pockets , called ice-cream float , on the alkali of the leave of absence draw the leaves to the open , where they can get at the sunlight they want for photosynthesis . Kelp grows in forests and , like terrestrial forests , unlike life forms live among the unlike layers . For deterrent example , other alga live in the canopy , while the midway layers are abode to snails and fish , while urchins and sea stars nestle against the fixing .

Cordgrass

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks marshes form the bounds between land and sea , where distinctions between the two become vague . Cordgrass is one of the most common plants found in the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks marsh , in large part because its adaptations take into account it to flourish where other plant would croak . The blades are tough and the origin arrangement strong , allow cordgrass to resist the frequent flooding distinctive of the salinity marsh . In gain , extra glands serve the plant to pump out common salt , which lets it thrive in a high - saline environment and stand firm oestrus and lineal sun . Plants in the salt marsh provide habitat for animals and , when they buy the farm and dilapidate , feed the micro-organism that shape the basis of the fenland ’s food entanglement .

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